Slovenska zložena poved z vidika stopenj odvisnosti

This dissertation examines the Slovenian complex sentence in terms of various degrees of dependence. The basic unit of a multiclause sentence is the two-clause sentence. The dissertation is based on the hypothesis that multiclause sentences are not limited to coordination and subordination because these do not capture existing usage sufficiently well. Instead, it is better to characterize them as having various degrees of dependence between two clauses within a two-clause sentence: at the extreme point of subordination, the degree of dependence approaches ∞ and, at the other extreme point of coordination, the degree of dependence comes close to 0. This means that most constructions are somewhere between the two points, with a more or less clear orientation toward one or the other. The material selected focuses on examples from the Gigafida 2.0 text corpus, which means that all examples originate from actual usage. They were primarily searched for using CQL codes and N-grams, and only some of them were found randomly. A note with the search code used is added to most examples. The dissertation begins by providing a definition of the two-clause sentence and describing the methods of its formation: insertion, addition, and emphasis. Then it presents its division in terms of the structural connection of clauses. The subordination and coordination criteria are presented and illustrated with examples. Some are taken from the literature to date, and others are formed based on the characteristics of the constructions examined. Processing an extensive number of examples made it possible to describe the characteristics of individual constructions that have not yet been examined in the literature. The main subordination criteria include the restrictive role of the conjunctive clause, valency, collocability, and the antecedent in the main clause that the subordinate clause refers to. The main coordination criteria comprise clause equality, interchangeability of clause order, absence of cataphora, clause iconicity, and the possibility of adding new clauses. It turned out that it is perfectly normal for a construction that meets most of the subordination criteria to also meet one or two coordination criteria and vice versa. A typology of the Slovenian multiclause sentence was created based on fulfillment of the subordination and coordination criteria. It was found that most dependent clauses are valency dependent clauses, which are divided into relative clauses (these are also the most valent among all because of their relative character) and nominal dependent clauses. The latter are further divided into subject, object, and predicate dependent clauses. In addition, valent adverbial clauses are also examined as part of relative clauses. This is followed by adjunct clauses, which are divided into attributive, local, temporal, causal, and modal clauses. Each group is further divided into smaller units. In collocational clauses, the role of the antecedent grows weaker, which is also reflected in its collocation with the conjunction (zato, ker > zato ker); this makes the role of the conjunction more important, and it also reveals certain similarities with coordinations of a similar type; for example, especially in terms of semantics, the causal and concessive clauses are similar and, in some cases, even convertible to causal and contrastive coordination. This is followed by a discussion of subordinate complementary elements, which, in terms of structure, behave like subordinate clauses, but their meaning is not restrictive, but additive, which is more typical of coordinate clauses. Similar relationships are also expressed by added proposition and parenthesis: both add new information and fairly often nest, which is also one of the subordination criteria. Also because of the possibility of nesting, punctuation plays a greater role in the last two constructions. These transitive relationships are followed by more determinative relationships in the direction of coordination, which can be divided into primary and secondary, in which secondary coordination is characterized by a higher degree of dependence. The starting point for identifying coordination is conjunctive coordination, which is characterized by the lowest degree of dependence. Juxtaposition is a special category of a multiclause sentence because its distinct communication role emphasizes a specific piece of information. The concluding graphs show how dependence increases or decreases by specific construction.